Anomaly Detection in Air Handling Units using Motor Current Signal Imaging for Belt Looseness Detection

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

Published Sep 4, 2023
Sung Hyun Yun Wonho Jung Daeguen Lim Yong-Hwa Park

Abstract

An air handling unit (AHU) is a critical component of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Slip of AHU is an intuitive key feature for monitoring a belt looseness fault of an AHU. However, fluctuating rotation speed of the motor and fan makes slip hard to monitor. Since the role of the belt is to deliver torque between the motor and fan, this leads to change of the motor current signal. This paper suggests a normal data-based anomaly detection that utilizes motor current signal imaging to identify belt looseness in AHUs. The overall process proceeds as followings: (1) converting 1-dimensional motor current signal into 2-dimentional image in the amplitude domain, (2) extracting features of normal data by applying convolutional neural networks, (3) calculating health index to detect the belt looseness fault. The technique to transform time-series current data to an image is based on its histogram. The image is obtained by the inner product of the histogram obtained from a current signal and its transpose. The effect of torque load on a motor induces an amplitude modulation of the current signal. Current signal imaging based on histogram provides the fault features in a robust way. To validate the proposed method, a case study using an AHU testbed is conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can detect belt looseness faults in AHU using only normal data, providing an approach for early fault detection in HVAC systems.

Abstract 209 | PDF Downloads 214

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Keywords

air handling unit, belt looseness, anomaly detection, motor current signal imaging, histogram

References
Lei, Y., Yang, B., Jiang, X., Jia, F., Li, N., Nandi, A. K. (2020). Applications of machine learning to machine fault diagnosis: A review and roadmap. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 138, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2019.106587

Ko, J. U., Na, K., Oh, J., Kim, J., Youn, B. D. (2022). A new auto-encoder-based dynamic threshold to reduce false alarm rate for anomaly detection of steam turbines, Expert Systems With Application, vol. 189, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2021.116094

Cheng, Z., Wang, S., Zhang, P., Wang, S., Liu, X., Zhu, E. (2021). Improved autoencoder for unsupervised anomaly detection, International Journal of Intelligent Systems, vol.36, pp 7103-7125, doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/int.22582

Lee, Y. O., Jo, J., Hwang, J. (2017). Application of Deep Neural Network and Generative Adversarial Network to Industrial Maintenance: A Case Study of Induction Motor Fault Detection. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Big Data. December 11-14, pp 3248- 3253. doi:10.1109/BigData.2017.8258307

Ezeme, O. M., Mahmoud, O. M., Azim, A. (2020). Design and Development of AD-CGAN: Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for Anomaly Detection. IEEE Access. vol. 8, pp 177667-177681, doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3025530

Jiao, J., Zhao, M., Lin, J., Liang, K. (2020). A comprehensive review on convolutional neural network in machine fault diagnosis, Neurocomputing, vol. 417, pp 36-63, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2020.07.088

He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., Sun, J. (2016). Deep residual learning for image recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. pp 770-778.

Jung, W., Yun, S. H., Lim, Y. S., Cheong, S., Bae, J., Park, Y.H. (2022). Fault Diagnosis of Inter-turn Short Circuit in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Current Signal Imaging and Semi-Supervised Learning. IECON 2022-48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. October 17-20, doi: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968718

Gu, Y., Zeng, L., Qiu, G. (2020). Bearing fault diagnosis with varying conditions using angular domain resampling technology, SDP and DCNN. Measurement. vol. 156, pp 107616. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107616

Jo, J., Lee, Y. O., Hwang, J. (2018). Multi-Layer Nested Scatter Plot a Data Wrangling Method for Correlated Multi-Channel Time Series Signals. 2018 First International Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Industries (AI4I). pp 106-107.

Suh, S., Lukowicz, P., Lee, Y. O. (2022). Generalized multiscale feature extraction for remaining useful life prediction of bearings with generative adversarial networks. Knowledge-Based Systems. vol. 237, pp 107866, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2021.107866
Section
Special Session Papers