Non-Contact Quantification of Longitudinal and Circumferential Defects in Pipes using the Surface Response to Excitation (SuRE) Method
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Published
Dec 16, 2020
Amin Baghalian
Shervin Tashakori
Volkan Y. Senyurek
Dwayne McDaniel
Hadi Fekrmandi
Ibrahim N. Tansel
Abstract
Rapid screening and monitoring of hollow cylindrical structures using active guided-waves based structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques are important in chemical, petro-chemical, oil and gas industries. Successful implementation of the majority of these techniques in the SHM of pipes depends on the identification of the appropriate guided-waves modes and their frequencies for each application. The highly dispersive nature of the guided-waves and presence of multi modes at each frequency makes the mode selection and the interpretation of signals a challenging task. The surface response to excitation (SuRE) method was developed to detect the defects and loading condition changes on plates with minimum dependence on the excitation of particular modes at certain frequencies. In the present study, the SuRE method is proposed for quantification of longitudinal and circumferential defects, with varying severities, as common examples of axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric defects in pipes. The results indicate that the SuRE method can be used effectively for damage quantification in hollow cylinders.
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Keywords
structural health monitoring, guided waves, defect detection, SuRE method, Sensor networks, Pipe monitoring
References
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Baqersad, J., Poozesh, P., Niezrecki, C., & Avitabile, P. (2016). Photogrammetry and optical methods in structural dynamics – A review. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 86, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.02.011
Bhalla, S., Gupta, a., Bansal, S., & Garg, T. (2009). Ultra Low-cost Adaptations of Electro-mechanical Impedance Technique for Structural Health Monitoring. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 20(8), 991–999. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X08100384
Bhuiyan, M., Shen, Y., & Giurgiutiu, V. (2016). Guided Wave Based Crack Detection in the Rivet Hole Using Global Analytical with Local FEM Approach. Materials, 9(7), 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9070602
Caleyo, F., Alfonso, L., Alcántara, J., & Hallen, J. M. (2008). On the Estimation of Failure Rates of Multiple Pipeline Systems. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 130(2), 21704. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2894292
Carandente, R., & Cawley, P. (2012). The effect of complex defect profiles on the reflection of the fundamental torsional mode in pipes. NDT and E International, 46(1), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2011.11.003
Demetgul, M., Senyurek, V. Y., Uyandik, R., Tansel, I. N., & Yazicioglu, O. (2015). Evaluation of the health of riveted joints with active and passive structural health monitoring techniques. Measurement, 69, 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2015.03.032
Fekrimandi, H., Tansel, I.N., Gonzalez, R., Rojas, S., Meiller, D., Lindsay, K., Baghalian, A., &Tashakori, S. (2015). Implementation of the Surface Response to Excitation (SuRE) Method with DSP’s for Detection of the Damage of Thick Blocks. In Structural Health Monitoring 2015. Destech Publications. https://doi.org/10.12783/SHM2015/233
Fekrmandi, H., Rojas, J., Campbell, J., Tansel, I. N., Kaya, B., & Taskin, (2014). Inspection of the Integrity of a Multi-Bolt Robotic Arm Using a Scanning Laser Vibrometer and Implementing the Surface Response to Excitation Method (SuRE). International Journal of Prognostics and Health Management, 5(1), 1–10.
Fekrmandi, H., Unal, M., Baghalian, A., Tashakori, S., Oyola, K., Alsenawi, A., & Tansel, I. N. (2016). A noncontact method for part-based process performance monitoring in end milling operations. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 83(1–4), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7523-2
Giurgiutiu, V. (2005). Tuned Lamb Wave Excitation and Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 16(4), 291–305. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X05050106
Giurgiutiu, V., Gresil, M., Lin, B., Cuc, A., Shen, Y., & Roman, C. (2012). Predictive modeling of piezoelectric wafer active sensors interaction with high-frequency structural waves and vibration. Acta Mechanica, 223(8), 1681–1691. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-012-0633-0
Ihn, J. B., & Chang, F.-K. (2008). Pitch-catch active sensing methods in structural health monitoring for aircraft structures. Structural Health Monitoring, 7(1), 5–19.
Kamas, T., Giurgiutiu, V., & Lin, B. (2015). E/M impedance modeling and experimentation for the piezoelectric wafer active sensor. Smart Materials and Structures, 24(11), 115040. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/24/11/115040
Kamas, T., Lin, B., & Giurgiutiu, V. (2013). Analytical modeling of PWAS in-plane and out-of-plane electromechanical impedance spectroscopy (EMIS) (p.869227). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2009249
Kishawy, H. A., & Gabbar, H. A. (2010). Review of pipeline integrity management practices. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 87(7), 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2010.04.003
Lim, Y. Y., & Soh, C. K. (2013). Damage detction and characterization using EMI technique under varying axial load. Smart Structures and Systems, 11(4), 349– 364. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2013.11.4.349
Lu, Y., Ye, L., Wang, D., Zhou, L., & Cheng, L. (2010). Piezo-activated guided wave propagation and interaction with damage in tubular structures. Smart Structures and Systems, 6(7), 835–849. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.7.835
Ma, S., Wu, Z., Wang, Y., & Liu, K. (2015). The reflection of guided waves from simple dents in pipes. Ultrasonics, 57, 190–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2014.11.012
Min, J., Park, S., Yun, C.-B., Lee, C.-G., & Lee, C. (2012). Impedance-based structural health monitoring incorporating neural network technique for identification of damage type and severity.
Engineering Structures, 39, 210–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.01.012
Mueller, I., Larrosa, C., Roy, S., Mittal, A., Lonkar, K., & Chang, F.-K. (2009). An Integrated Health Management and Prognostic Technology for Composite Airframe Structures. Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, 1–15. Retrieved from http://www.phmsociety.org/node/175
Nishino, H., Yoshida, K., Cho, H., & Takemoto, M. (2006). Propagation phenomena of wideband guided waves in a bended pipe. Ultrasonics, 44, e1139–e1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.155
Olund, J., & DeWolf, J. (2007). Passive Structural Health Monitoring of Connecticut’s Bridge Infrastructure. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 13(4), 330–339. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2007)13:4(330)
Park, G., Farrar, C. R., Scalea, F. L. di, & Coccia, S. (2006). Performance assessment and validation of piezoelectric active-sensors in structural health monitoring. Smart Materials and Structures, 15(6), 1673–1683. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/15/6/020
Park, S., Yun, C. B., & Inman, D. J. (2008). Structural health monitoring using electro-mechanical impedance sensors. Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 31(8), 714–724. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2008.01248.x
Rose†, J. L. (2003). Dispersion Curves in Guided Wave Testing. Materials Evaluation, 61(1).
Sabra, K. G., & Huston, S. (2011). Passive structural health monitoring of a high-speed naval ship from ambient vibrations. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 129(5), 2991–2999. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3562164
Siqueira, M. H. S., Gatts, C. E. N., Da Silva, R. R., & Rebello, J. M. A. (2004). The use of ultrasonic guided waves and wavelets analysis in pipe inspection. Ultrasonics, 41(10), 785–797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2004.02.013
Smelyanskiy, V. N., Hafiychuk, V., Luchinsky, D. G., Tyson, R., Miller, J., & Banks, C. (2011). Modeling wave propagation in Sandwich Composite Plates for Structural Health Monitoring. In Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society.
Staszewski, W. J., Mahzan, S., & Traynor, R. (2009). Health monitoring of aerospace composite structures - Active and passive approach. Composites Science and Technology, 69(11–12), 1678–1685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.09.034
Stoyko, D. K., Popplewell, N., & Shah, A. H. (2014). Detecting and describing a notch in a pipe using singularities. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 51(15), 2729–2743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2014.02.002
Tashakori, S., Baghalian, A., Cuervo, J., Senyurek, V. Y., Tansel, I. N., & Uragun, B. (2017). Inspection of the machined features created at the embedded sensor aluminum plates. In 2017 8th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST) (pp. 517–522). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2017.8002928
Tashakori, S., Baghalian, A., Unal, M., Fekrmandi, H., Şenyürek, volkan y, McDaniel, D., & Tansel, I. N. (2016). Contact and non-contact approaches in load monitoring applications using surface response to excitation method. Measurement, 89, 197–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.04.013
Tashakori, S., Baghalian, A., Unal, M., Senyurek, V. Y., Fekrmandi, H., McDaniel, D., & Tansel, I. N. (2017). Load Monitoring Using Surface Response to Excitation Method (pp. 209–214). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41766-0_25
Venu Gopal Madhav Annamdas, & Chee Kiong Soh. (2010). Application of Electromechanical Impedance Technique for Engineering Structures: Review and Future Issues. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 21(1), 41–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X09352816
Wilcox, P., Lowe, M., & Cawley, P. (2001). The effect of dispersion on long-range inspection using ultrasonic guided waves. NDT & E International, 34(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-8695(00)00024-4
Zaleha, M., Mahzan, S., & Idris, M. I. (2014). Passive Damage Detection of Natural Fibre Reinforced Composites Using Sensor Response Data. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 534, 17–23.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.534.17
Zhang, H.-Y., & Yu, J.-B. (2011). Piezoelectric transducer parameter selection for exciting a single mode from multiple modes of Lamb waves. Chinese Physics B, 20(9), 94301. https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/20/9/094301
Zhao, X., Qian, T., Mei, G., Kwan, C., Zane, R., Walsh, C., … Popovic, Z. (2007). Active health monitoring of an aircraft wing with an embedded piezoelectric sensor/actuator network: II. Wireless approaches. Smart Materials and Structures, 16(4), 1218–1225. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/16/4/033
Annamdas, V. G., & Radhika, M. a. (2013). Electromechanical impedance of piezoelectric transducers for monitoring metallic and non-metallic structures: A review of wired, wireless and energyharvesting methods. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 24(9), 1021–1042. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X13481254
Baqersad, J., Poozesh, P., Niezrecki, C., & Avitabile, P. (2016). Photogrammetry and optical methods in structural dynamics – A review. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 86, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.02.011
Bhalla, S., Gupta, a., Bansal, S., & Garg, T. (2009). Ultra Low-cost Adaptations of Electro-mechanical Impedance Technique for Structural Health Monitoring. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 20(8), 991–999. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X08100384
Bhuiyan, M., Shen, Y., & Giurgiutiu, V. (2016). Guided Wave Based Crack Detection in the Rivet Hole Using Global Analytical with Local FEM Approach. Materials, 9(7), 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9070602
Caleyo, F., Alfonso, L., Alcántara, J., & Hallen, J. M. (2008). On the Estimation of Failure Rates of Multiple Pipeline Systems. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 130(2), 21704. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2894292
Carandente, R., & Cawley, P. (2012). The effect of complex defect profiles on the reflection of the fundamental torsional mode in pipes. NDT and E International, 46(1), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2011.11.003
Demetgul, M., Senyurek, V. Y., Uyandik, R., Tansel, I. N., & Yazicioglu, O. (2015). Evaluation of the health of riveted joints with active and passive structural health monitoring techniques. Measurement, 69, 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2015.03.032
Fekrimandi, H., Tansel, I.N., Gonzalez, R., Rojas, S., Meiller, D., Lindsay, K., Baghalian, A., &Tashakori, S. (2015). Implementation of the Surface Response to Excitation (SuRE) Method with DSP’s for Detection of the Damage of Thick Blocks. In Structural Health Monitoring 2015. Destech Publications. https://doi.org/10.12783/SHM2015/233
Fekrmandi, H., Rojas, J., Campbell, J., Tansel, I. N., Kaya, B., & Taskin, (2014). Inspection of the Integrity of a Multi-Bolt Robotic Arm Using a Scanning Laser Vibrometer and Implementing the Surface Response to Excitation Method (SuRE). International Journal of Prognostics and Health Management, 5(1), 1–10.
Fekrmandi, H., Unal, M., Baghalian, A., Tashakori, S., Oyola, K., Alsenawi, A., & Tansel, I. N. (2016). A noncontact method for part-based process performance monitoring in end milling operations. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 83(1–4), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7523-2
Giurgiutiu, V. (2005). Tuned Lamb Wave Excitation and Detection with Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 16(4), 291–305. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X05050106
Giurgiutiu, V., Gresil, M., Lin, B., Cuc, A., Shen, Y., & Roman, C. (2012). Predictive modeling of piezoelectric wafer active sensors interaction with high-frequency structural waves and vibration. Acta Mechanica, 223(8), 1681–1691. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-012-0633-0
Ihn, J. B., & Chang, F.-K. (2008). Pitch-catch active sensing methods in structural health monitoring for aircraft structures. Structural Health Monitoring, 7(1), 5–19.
Kamas, T., Giurgiutiu, V., & Lin, B. (2015). E/M impedance modeling and experimentation for the piezoelectric wafer active sensor. Smart Materials and Structures, 24(11), 115040. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/24/11/115040
Kamas, T., Lin, B., & Giurgiutiu, V. (2013). Analytical modeling of PWAS in-plane and out-of-plane electromechanical impedance spectroscopy (EMIS) (p.869227). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2009249
Kishawy, H. A., & Gabbar, H. A. (2010). Review of pipeline integrity management practices. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 87(7), 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2010.04.003
Lim, Y. Y., & Soh, C. K. (2013). Damage detction and characterization using EMI technique under varying axial load. Smart Structures and Systems, 11(4), 349– 364. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2013.11.4.349
Lu, Y., Ye, L., Wang, D., Zhou, L., & Cheng, L. (2010). Piezo-activated guided wave propagation and interaction with damage in tubular structures. Smart Structures and Systems, 6(7), 835–849. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.7.835
Ma, S., Wu, Z., Wang, Y., & Liu, K. (2015). The reflection of guided waves from simple dents in pipes. Ultrasonics, 57, 190–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2014.11.012
Min, J., Park, S., Yun, C.-B., Lee, C.-G., & Lee, C. (2012). Impedance-based structural health monitoring incorporating neural network technique for identification of damage type and severity.
Engineering Structures, 39, 210–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.01.012
Mueller, I., Larrosa, C., Roy, S., Mittal, A., Lonkar, K., & Chang, F.-K. (2009). An Integrated Health Management and Prognostic Technology for Composite Airframe Structures. Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, 1–15. Retrieved from http://www.phmsociety.org/node/175
Nishino, H., Yoshida, K., Cho, H., & Takemoto, M. (2006). Propagation phenomena of wideband guided waves in a bended pipe. Ultrasonics, 44, e1139–e1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.155
Olund, J., & DeWolf, J. (2007). Passive Structural Health Monitoring of Connecticut’s Bridge Infrastructure. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 13(4), 330–339. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2007)13:4(330)
Park, G., Farrar, C. R., Scalea, F. L. di, & Coccia, S. (2006). Performance assessment and validation of piezoelectric active-sensors in structural health monitoring. Smart Materials and Structures, 15(6), 1673–1683. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/15/6/020
Park, S., Yun, C. B., & Inman, D. J. (2008). Structural health monitoring using electro-mechanical impedance sensors. Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 31(8), 714–724. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2008.01248.x
Rose†, J. L. (2003). Dispersion Curves in Guided Wave Testing. Materials Evaluation, 61(1).
Sabra, K. G., & Huston, S. (2011). Passive structural health monitoring of a high-speed naval ship from ambient vibrations. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 129(5), 2991–2999. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3562164
Siqueira, M. H. S., Gatts, C. E. N., Da Silva, R. R., & Rebello, J. M. A. (2004). The use of ultrasonic guided waves and wavelets analysis in pipe inspection. Ultrasonics, 41(10), 785–797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2004.02.013
Smelyanskiy, V. N., Hafiychuk, V., Luchinsky, D. G., Tyson, R., Miller, J., & Banks, C. (2011). Modeling wave propagation in Sandwich Composite Plates for Structural Health Monitoring. In Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society.
Staszewski, W. J., Mahzan, S., & Traynor, R. (2009). Health monitoring of aerospace composite structures - Active and passive approach. Composites Science and Technology, 69(11–12), 1678–1685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.09.034
Stoyko, D. K., Popplewell, N., & Shah, A. H. (2014). Detecting and describing a notch in a pipe using singularities. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 51(15), 2729–2743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2014.02.002
Tashakori, S., Baghalian, A., Cuervo, J., Senyurek, V. Y., Tansel, I. N., & Uragun, B. (2017). Inspection of the machined features created at the embedded sensor aluminum plates. In 2017 8th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST) (pp. 517–522). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2017.8002928
Tashakori, S., Baghalian, A., Unal, M., Fekrmandi, H., Şenyürek, volkan y, McDaniel, D., & Tansel, I. N. (2016). Contact and non-contact approaches in load monitoring applications using surface response to excitation method. Measurement, 89, 197–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.04.013
Tashakori, S., Baghalian, A., Unal, M., Senyurek, V. Y., Fekrmandi, H., McDaniel, D., & Tansel, I. N. (2017). Load Monitoring Using Surface Response to Excitation Method (pp. 209–214). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41766-0_25
Venu Gopal Madhav Annamdas, & Chee Kiong Soh. (2010). Application of Electromechanical Impedance Technique for Engineering Structures: Review and Future Issues. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 21(1), 41–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X09352816
Wilcox, P., Lowe, M., & Cawley, P. (2001). The effect of dispersion on long-range inspection using ultrasonic guided waves. NDT & E International, 34(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-8695(00)00024-4
Zaleha, M., Mahzan, S., & Idris, M. I. (2014). Passive Damage Detection of Natural Fibre Reinforced Composites Using Sensor Response Data. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 534, 17–23.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.534.17
Zhang, H.-Y., & Yu, J.-B. (2011). Piezoelectric transducer parameter selection for exciting a single mode from multiple modes of Lamb waves. Chinese Physics B, 20(9), 94301. https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/20/9/094301
Zhao, X., Qian, T., Mei, G., Kwan, C., Zane, R., Walsh, C., … Popovic, Z. (2007). Active health monitoring of an aircraft wing with an embedded piezoelectric sensor/actuator network: II. Wireless approaches. Smart Materials and Structures, 16(4), 1218–1225. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/16/4/033
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Technical Papers