Novel In-Service Combustion Instability Detection Using the Chirp Fourier Higher Order Spectra
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Published
Nov 16, 2020
Len Gelman
Colin Parrish
Ivan Petrunin
Mark Walters
Abstract
Combustion instabilities, known as “rumble” and “screech” are the self-excited aerodynamic instabilities in the gas turbine combustor. They cause the premature failures of the gas turbine components, and, consequently, the failure of the gas turbine as a whole. Because of the complex physical effects underlying the rumble and the screech phenomena, it is difficult to eliminate them completely at the design stage. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the detection of the combustion instabilities in the gas turbine in order to prevent its prolonged operation in this mode. There are known techniques, which are able to detect the rumble and the screech in gas turbines. Most of them do not consider the combustion instabilities as non-linear and non-stationary events and, therefore, have lower detection efficiency. Novel technique for in-service combustion instability detection is implemented in this paper. This technique overcomes the limitations of the existing solutions.
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Keywords
rumble, vibration diagnosis, higher order spectra
References
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Gelman, L. & Petrunin, I. (2010). Time-frequency higher order spectra with adjustment to the instantaneous frequency variation, International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 178-187.
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Livebardon, T., Moreau, S., Gicquel, L., Poinsot, T. & Bouty, E. (2016). Combining LES of combustion chamber and an actuator disk theory to predict combustion noise in a helicopter engine. Comb. Flame, 165, 272-287.
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Hochgreb, S., Dennis, D., Ayranci, I., Bainbridge, W. & Cant, S. (2013). Forced and self-excited instabilities from lean premixed, liquid-fuelled aeroengine injectors at high pressures and temperatures. Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo, Paper GT2013–95311, pp. V01BT04A023. doi:10.1115/GT2013-95311.
Gelman, L., Petrunin, I. & Komoda, J. (2010). The new chirp-Wigner higher order spectra for transient signals with any known non-linear frequency variation. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 24, 567-571. doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2009.07.004.
Gelman, L. & Gould, J.D. (2007). Time–frequency chirp-Wigner transform for signals with any nonlinear polynomial time varying instantaneous frequency. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 21, 2980-3002. doi: 10.106/j.ymssp.2007.05.003.
Grabill, P., Seale, J., Wroblewski, D. & Brotherton, T. (2002). iTeds: the intelligent turbine engine diagnostic system. In Proc. of 48th International Instrumentation Symposium, May 5-9, San Diego, CA.
Wroblewski, D. & Grabill, P. (2001). Analysis of gas turbine vibration signals for augmentor fault detection. In Proc. of the 37th AIAA/ASME/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Salt Lake City, UT, 8-11 July.
Knock and rumble detector for internal combustion engines. Patent US 3540262, published Nov 17, 1970.
Gelman, L. & Ottley, M. (2006). New processing techniques for transient signals with non-linear variation of the instantaneous frequency in time. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, Vol. 20, pp. 1254-1262.
Gelman, L. & Petrunin, I. (2010). Time-frequency higher order spectra with adjustment to the instantaneous frequency variation, International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 178-187.
Gelman, L. & Petrunin, I. (2007). The new multidimensional time/multi-frequency transform for higher order spectral analysis, Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 317-325.
Ebrahimi H. B. (2006). Overview of gas turbine augmentor design, operation and combustion oscillation, ILASS Americas, 19th Annual conference on liquid atomization and spray systems, Toronto, Canada, May.
Young, T. & Fu, K-S. (1986). Handbook of pattern recognition and image processing. Academic Press: Orlando, FL.
Williams, F.A. (1985). Combustion theory: The fundamental theory of chemically reacting flow systems. Menlo Park, Calif: Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co.
Richman, M.H., & Richman, M.S. (2000). Active Combustion Control of Military Gas Turbine Engines. NATO Symposium on Active Control Technology for Enhanced Performance Operation Capabilities of Military Aircraft, Land Vehicles and Sea Vehicles, Braunshweig, Germany.
Yao, Z., Gao, Z., Zhu, M., Dowling, A.P. & Bray, N.C. (2012). Combustion rumble prediction with integrated computational-fluid-dynamic/low-order-model methods. Journal of propulsion and power, 28(5), 1015-1025.
Lubarsky, E. & Yeshayahou, L. (1998). Experimental investigation of flame holding system for the suppression of ramjet rumble. Twenty-Seventh Symposium (International) on Combustion / The Combustion Institute, 27(2), 2033-2037. doi:10.1016/S0082-0784(98)80049-0.
Dowling, A.P. & Mahmoudi, Y. (2015). Combustion noise. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 35, 65-100. doi: 10.1016/j.proci.2014.08.016.
Hermann, J., Orthmann, A., Hoffman, S. & Berenbrink P. (2000). Applications of active combustion control to Siemens heavy duty gas turbines. NATO RTO Meeting on Active Control Technology, Braunschweig, Germany.
Yu, K.H., Wilson, K.J. & Schadow, K.C. (1998). Liquid-fueled active instability suppression. Proc Combust Inst, 27, 2039–2046.
Livebardon, T., Moreau, S., Gicquel, L., Poinsot, T. & Bouty, E. (2016). Combining LES of combustion chamber and an actuator disk theory to predict combustion noise in a helicopter engine. Comb. Flame, 165, 272-287.
Motheau, E., Nicoud, F. & Poinsot, T. (2014). Mixed acoustic–entropy combustion instabilities in gas turbines. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 749, 542–576. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2014.245.
Hochgreb, S., Dennis, D., Ayranci, I., Bainbridge, W. & Cant, S. (2013). Forced and self-excited instabilities from lean premixed, liquid-fuelled aeroengine injectors at high pressures and temperatures. Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo, Paper GT2013–95311, pp. V01BT04A023. doi:10.1115/GT2013-95311.
Gelman, L., Petrunin, I. & Komoda, J. (2010). The new chirp-Wigner higher order spectra for transient signals with any known non-linear frequency variation. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 24, 567-571. doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2009.07.004.
Gelman, L. & Gould, J.D. (2007). Time–frequency chirp-Wigner transform for signals with any nonlinear polynomial time varying instantaneous frequency. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 21, 2980-3002. doi: 10.106/j.ymssp.2007.05.003.
Section
Technical Papers