Inspection of the Integrity of a Multi-Bolt Robotic Arm Using a Scanning Laser Vibrometer and Implementing the Surface Response to Excitation Method (SuRE)

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

Published Nov 1, 2020
Hadi Fekrmandi Javier Rojas Jason Campbell Ibrahim Nur Tansel Bulent Kaya Sezai Taskin

Abstract

The integrity of a robotic arm was examined remotely via a scanning laser vibrometer (SLV) in order to detect loose bolts. A piezoelectric element (PZT) was bonded on the robot arm for excitation of surface guided waves. A spectrum analyzer generated surface waves within the 20-100 kHz range. The propagation of the waves was monitored with the SLV at the programmed grid points on the robot arm.
The surface response to excitation (SuRE) method was used to calculate the spectrums of the signals, and compare the reference scan with the altered scan. Comparisons of before and after the scan showed that after loosening the bolt on the robot arm, spectrums of all the grid points changed to some extent, however, the largest changes occurred in the vicinity of the loosened bolts.
The study shows that the SuRE method was capable of detecting the presence and location of loosening bolts using only one PZT element on a complex structure. There are two most important advantages of the SuRE method over the widely used impedance-based technique. The first advantage is the elimination of an expensive impedance analyzer; the second advantage is remotely monitoring capability as long as the surface is excited properly.

Abstract 267 | PDF Downloads 241

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Keywords

structural health monitoring, piezoelectric elements, laser vibrometer, surface vibration, Bolt Joints

References
Annamdas, V. G., & Radhika, M. A. (2013). Electromechanical impedance of piezoelectric transducers for monitoring metallic and non-metallic structures: A review of wired, wireless and energy-harvesting methods. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 24(9), 1021-1042.
Arritt, B. J., Buckley, S. J., Ganley, J. M., Welsh, J. S., Henderson, B. K., Lyall, M. E., ... & Roopnarine, R. (2008, March). Development of a satellite structural architecture for operationally responsive space. In The 15th International Symposium on: Smart Structures and Materials & Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring (pp. 69300I-69300I). International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Bhalla, S., Naidu, A. S., & Soh, C. K. (2003, October). Influence of structure-actuator interactions and temperature on piezoelectric mechatronic signatures for NDE. In Smart Materials, Structures, and Systems (pp. 263-269). International Society for Optics and Photonics.Biographies
Chakraborty, D., Kovvali, N., Wei, J., Papandreou-Suppappola, A., Cochran, D., & Chattopadhyay, A. (2009). Damage classification structural health monitoring in bolted structures using time-frequency techniques. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 20(11), 1289-1305.
Fekrmandi, H., Rojas, J., Wolff, M., Tansel, I. N., Gonzalez, S., and Uragun, B., (2013 November). Monitoring the Health of a Beam Remotely by using Scanning Laser Vibrometer. In proceedings of ASME District F Early Career Technical Conference (ECTC 2013).
Leong, W. H., Staszewski, W. J., Lee, B. C., & Scarpa, F. (2005). Structural health monitoring using scanning laser vibrometry: III. Lamb waves for fatigue crack detection. Smart Materials and Structures, 14(6), 1387.
Liang, C., Sun, F. P., & Rogers, C. A. (1994). Coupled electro-mechanical analysis of adaptive material systems—determination of the actuator power consumption and system energy transfer. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 5(1), 12-20.
Peairs, D. M., Park, G., & Inman, D. J. (2004). Improving accessibility of the impedance-based structural health monitoring method. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 15(2), 129-139.
Raghavan, A., & Cesnik, C. E. (2007). Review of guided-wave structural health monitoring. Shock and Vibration Digest, 39(2), 91-116.
Ritdumrongkul, S., Abe, M., Fujino, Y., & Miyashita, T. (2004). Quantitative health monitoring of bolted joints using a piezoceramic actuator–sensor. Smart Materials and Structures, 13(1), 20.
Scheffer, C., & Girdhar, P. (2004). Practical machinery vibration analysis and predictive maintenance. Access Online via Elsevier.
Su, Z., Ye, L., & Lu, Y. (2006). Guided Lamb waves for identification of damage in composite structures: A review. Journal of sound and vibration, 295(3), 753-780.
Tansel, I. N., Singh, G., Korla, S., Grisso, B. L., Salvino, L. W., & Uragun, B. (2011, June). Monitoring the integrity of machine assemblies by using surface response to excitation (SuRE) approach. In Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST), 2011 5th International Conference on (pp. 64-67). IEEETechnical Conference (ECTC), 2013 13th Annual Conference on (pp. 302-306, Vol.12). ASME
Todd, M. D., Nichols, J. M., Nichols, C. J., & Virgin, L. N. (2004). An assessment of modal property effectiveness in detecting bolted joint degradation: theory and experiment. Journal of sound and vibration, 275(3), 1113-1126.
Yan, W., & Chen, W. Q. (2010). Structural health monitoring using high-frequency electromechanical impedance signatures. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2010.
Section
Technical Papers